Skincare Ingredient Encyclopedia

Strong 3 studies

Retinol

Retinol is a form of vitamin A and one of the most extensively studied anti-aging ingredients in skincare. It accelerates cell turnover, stimulates co...

Reduces fine lines Improves skin texture Fades hyperpigmentation and

Strong 3 studies

Vitamin C (L-Ascorbic Acid)

Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant that protects skin from UV-induced free radical damage, inhibits melanin production, and is essential for collagen s...

Powerful antioxidant protection Brightens skin and Stimulates collagen production

Strong 3 studies

Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)

Niacinamide is a water-soluble form of vitamin B3 with a broad spectrum of skin benefits. It strengthens the skin barrier, reduces pore appearance, co...

Strengthens the skin Visibly reduces pore Reduces hyperpigmentation and

Strong 3 studies

Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan that can hold up to 1000 times its weight in water. As a humectant, it draws moisture into ...

Intense hydration without Plumps fine lines Suitable for all

Strong 2 studies

Salicylic Acid (BHA)

Salicylic acid is a beta hydroxy acid (BHA) that is oil-soluble, allowing it to penetrate into pores and exfoliate from within. It is the gold standar...

Penetrates and clears Reduces acne, blackheads, Anti-inflammatory — reduces

Strong 2 studies

Sunscreen (SPF Filters)

Sunscreen is the single most important skincare product for preventing premature aging, hyperpigmentation, and skin cancer. UV radiation is responsibl...

Prevents up to Reduces risk of Prevents UV-triggered hyperpigmentation

Strong 2 studies

Ceramides

Ceramides are lipids that make up over 50% of the skin's barrier. They are essential for retaining moisture and protecting against environmental damag...

Restores and strengthens Reduces trans-epidermal water Soothes dry, irritated,

Strong 2 studies

Chicken Meal

Chicken meal is a concentrated protein source made by rendering chicken — removing water and fat to create a shelf-stable, nutrient-dense ingredient. ...

High protein concentration Cost-effective protein source Shelf-stable ingredient that

Strong 2 studies

Salmon Oil (Omega-3)

Salmon oil is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA, which are essential for dogs' skin, coat, joint, and brain health. Unlike plant-based ...

Supports healthy skin Anti-inflammatory properties help DHA supports cognitive

Moderate 2 studies

Glucosamine (for Dogs)

Glucosamine is an amino sugar naturally found in cartilage. In dog food, it is added as a supplement to support joint health, particularly for senior ...

Supports cartilage repair May reduce symptoms Combined with chondroitin,

Moderate 2 studies

Sweet Potato

Sweet potato is a highly digestible complex carbohydrate commonly used in grain-free dog foods as an alternative to cereals. It provides slow-release ...

Highly digestible carbohydrate Grain-free alternative suitable Rich in beta-carotene,

Moderate 2 studies

Meat By-Products

Meat by-products is a controversial ingredient in dog food referring to non-rendered parts of slaughtered animals other than meat — including organs, ...

Organ meats (liver, More sustainable — Can provide essential

Moderate 2 studies

Probiotics (for Dogs)

Probiotics are live beneficial bacteria added to dog food to support digestive health and immune function. The most common strains used in pet food in...

Supports healthy digestion Helps restore gut May reduce symptoms

Strong 2 studies

Brown Rice

Brown rice is a whole grain carbohydrate widely used in dog food as an easily digestible energy source. Unlike white rice, brown rice retains its bran...

Highly digestible carbohydrate Good source of Provides dietary fibre

Strong 2 studies

Taurine (for Dogs)

Taurine is an amino acid essential for heart function, eye health, and reproduction in dogs. While dogs can synthesise taurine from methionine and cys...

Essential for normal Supports eye health Required for bile